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	Ελληνικ? ; Εlliniká
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ISO 639-1	el
ISO 639-2	gre (B) ; ell (T)
ISO 639-3	Either:; grc — ???? ?????????; ell — ?????? ?????????

百度今菩萨就算未入深定、证圣果，只要具正见、发菩提心，服务社会、利益众生，烦恼自然会逐渐减少，定力自然会不断增长，心性自然会逐渐明白，大乘果位自然会一步步证入。

??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? (Greek) ?????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ?????????????? ???????? ?????-???????? ?????? ???????????????? ???????????? ??? ???? ??????????. ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????????? ????? ?????. ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????????. ??????? 6,746 ???????? ?????? ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ??????????. ?????? ?????-???????? ????????????????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????????. ?????? ??????????? 74 ?????????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????.^[2]. ??????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ???????????? ????????????? ???????????. ???????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????????????? ????? ??? ??????????? ?????????? ????????????? ????????????????????? ^[3].

??????? ???????????? ??????? ???????????????????? ??????????????. ????????, ????????, ??????????, ????????, ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ????????????????????? ????? ??????????? ????????. ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????????? ???????? ?????????????. ?????? , ????? ????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ????????????? ????????????. ?????????, ???????, ??????, ????????, ??????? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ??????. ????????? ????????????? ????? ??????? ????????????? ???????? ???????? ????????????. ???????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????????? ????????, ??????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????????????.

????????????????????? ??????????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????????. ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ????????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ????????????????? ???????? ^[4]. ??????, ??????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????????????. ??? ????????? ????????????????????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????? ???????????? 24 ????????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????????? ????????? ???????????. ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????, ???????, ?????????, ???????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????????????? ?? ????? 13.2 ????????? ???????? ?????????????.

??????? ???????? ??????? ???????????? ??? ??????????? ????? ????????? ?????????. ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????????.

??????

?????? ??.??. ????????? ????????^[5] ?????? ?????? ???????^[6] ??????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????????. ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ????????????? ???????????? ??????????????????. ???? ????? ??.?? 1450 ??????? 1350 ??????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ????????????????? ??????????????^[7]. ?????????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????????. ?????-???????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????.

?????

???? ??????? ??????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ???????????????????:

????????????: ??? ????? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????????????? ????? ?????. ??????? ????????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ????? ????????????? ??????? ????????????^[8].
??????? ?????????: ??????? ??????????????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????????. ???????? ?? ???? ??????????? ??????????????? ??? ????? ?????????????????. ??.??. ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????????.
?????? ??????? ????: ??? ??????? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ???? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????????. ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????????????????. ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ???????????????????. ????? ????????? ?????? ???????????????? ???????? ?????? ??????????????????. ?????????????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????????? ??????? ??????????? ????????????? ???????? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????????????????????.
?????? ??????? ????: ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????. ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ??????????????????. ??????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ???????????????? ????????????. ??????? ?????????? ????????? ?????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????????????? ??????????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????????. ?????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ???????, ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ????????. ?????? ??????? ???? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????.
???????? ??????? ????: ????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????????????: ?????? ????????????? ???????????? 15 ??? ???????????? ????????? ???????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????????. ?????? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ??????????????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ?????. ??????????? ??????? ?????????????? ????????? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ???????????????. ????????? ?????? ???????? ????????????? ????????????? ????? ??? ??????????????????? ???????-??????????? ?????.
???? ??????? ????: ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????????????????? ????????. ???????? ??????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ????????????? ??????????? ???????????? 1453 ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????????????, ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????????????? ?????????, ???????? ???? ????????? ?? ????????????????? ??????? ??????? ??????. .11 ??? ???????????? ???????????, ????????? ????????????? ???? ????????? ????????????? ???????. ??? ???? ???????????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????????????? ?????.

????????? ???????

??????? ???? ?????? 13 ????????? ???????? ???????????????. ????????? ??????????????? ?????????, ?????????, ????????? ???? ????????? ????????????????. ?????????? ???????????????? ????????? ?????????????. ????????? ????????? ??????????????, ?????????, ?????????, ???????? ???? ????????? ??????????????????? ????????? ????? ???????? ???????, ??????, ?????????, ??????????, ?????????, ?????????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???????, ??????, ???????, ???????, ???????, ?????? ???? ??????????? ??????????????. ?????? ?????? ??????????, ???????, ????, ?????? ?????????, ?????????????, ???????????, ????????, ???? ??????? ?????????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???????????? ????????????.

?????? ???? ????

??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????. ??? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????????????^[9]. ?????? ??? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ??????^[10]. ??????? ????????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????? ???????????? 24 ?????? ????????? ?????????? ??????^[11]. ??????????? ??? ???????????? ??????????????? ??? ????????????? ??????? ???????????????????????.

?????? ???

???? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????. ?????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????????????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ???? ???????. .

?????????

??????? ???????? ?????????, ?????????, ???????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????????, ??????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????????????? ??????.

??????? ????

??????? ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ?? (Linear B) ???? ??????????? ??.??. ??????????? ???????????? ?????????????. ???????????? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ?????????, ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????????.??????? ????? ?? ????????????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ???? ??.??. ????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ????????????? ??????????????????.

???????????

↑ "Languages Spoken by More Than 10 Million People". Microsoft ? Encarta ? 2006. Archived from the original on 2025-08-05. Retrieved 2025-08-05.
↑ "Greek language". ?????????????? ??????????????. Encyclop?dia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 29 April 2014.
↑ 1922-, Adrados, Francisco Rodríguez, (2005). A history of the Greek language : from its origins to the present. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 9789004128354. ????? ?????? 59712402. {{cite book}}: |last= has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
↑ Manuel, Germaine Catherine (1989). A study of the preservation of the classical tradition in the education, language, and literature of the Byzantine Empire. HVD ALEPH.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
↑ Renfrew 2003, ?. 35; Georgiev 1981, ?. 192.
↑ Gray & Atkinson 2003, ?. 437–438; Atkinson & Gray 2006, ?. 102.
↑ "Ancient Tablet Found: Oldest Readable Writing in Europe". ????? ????????? ?????. 30 March 2011. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
↑ A comprehensive overview in J.T. Hooker's Mycenaean Greece (Hooker 1976, Chapter 2: "Before the Mycenaean Age", pp. 11–33 and passim); for a different hypothesis excluding massive migrations and favoring an autochthonous scenario, see Colin Renfrew's "Problems in the General Correlation of Archaeological and Linguistic Strata in Prehistoric Greece: The Model of Autochthonous Origin" (Renfrew 1973, ?. 263–276, especially p. 267) in Bronze Age Migrations by R.A. Crossland and A. Birchall, eds. (1973).
↑ "Greece". ? ???????? ??????????. ?????? ????? ?????. Archived from the original on 25 ?????? 2016. Retrieved 23 January 2010. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)
↑ "The Constitution of Cyprus, App. D., Part 1, Art. 3". Archived from the original on 7 April 2012. states that The official languages of the Republic are Greek and Turkish. However, the official status of Turkish is only nominal in the Greek-dominated Republic of Cyprus; in practice, outside Turkish-dominated ?????? ?????????, Turkish is little used; see A. Arvaniti (2006): Erasure as a Means of Maintaining Diglossia in Cyprus, San Diego Linguistics Papers 2: pp. 25–38, page 27.
↑ "The EU at a Glance – Languages in the EU". Europa. ???????? ????????. Archived from the original on 23 ???? 2013. Retrieved 30 July 2010. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)

[Encarta-1] "Languages Spoken by More Than 10 Million People". Microsoft ? Encarta ? 2006. Archived from the original on 2025-08-05. Retrieved 2025-08-05.

[2] "Greek language". ?????????????? ??????????????. Encyclop?dia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 29 April 2014.

[3] 1922-, Adrados, Francisco Rodríguez, (2005). A history of the Greek language : from its origins to the present. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 9789004128354. ????? ?????? 59712402. {{cite book}}: |last= has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[4] Manuel, Germaine Catherine (1989). A study of the preservation of the classical tradition in the education, language, and literature of the Byzantine Empire. HVD ALEPH.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[BVG-5] Renfrew 2003, ?. 35; Georgiev 1981, ?. 192.

[6] Gray & Atkinson 2003, ?. 437–438; Atkinson & Gray 2006, ?. 102.

[7] "Ancient Tablet Found: Oldest Readable Writing in Europe". ????? ????????? ?????. 30 March 2011. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

[8] A comprehensive overview in J.T. Hooker's Mycenaean Greece (Hooker 1976, Chapter 2: "Before the Mycenaean Age", pp. 11–33 and passim); for a different hypothesis excluding massive migrations and favoring an autochthonous scenario, see Colin Renfrew's "Problems in the General Correlation of Archaeological and Linguistic Strata in Prehistoric Greece: The Model of Autochthonous Origin" (Renfrew 1973, ?. 263–276, especially p. 267) in Bronze Age Migrations by R.A. Crossland and A. Birchall, eds. (1973).

[9] "Greece". ? ???????? ??????????. ?????? ????? ?????. Archived from the original on 25 ?????? 2016. Retrieved 23 January 2010. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)

[GreekCyprus-10] "The Constitution of Cyprus, App. D., Part 1, Art. 3". Archived from the original on 7 April 2012. states that The official languages of the Republic are Greek and Turkish. However, the official status of Turkish is only nominal in the Greek-dominated Republic of Cyprus; in practice, outside Turkish-dominated ?????? ?????????, Turkish is little used; see A. Arvaniti (2006): Erasure as a Means of Maintaining Diglossia in Cyprus, San Diego Linguistics Papers 2: pp. 25–38, page 27.

[European_Union-11] "The EU at a Glance – Languages in the EU". Europa. ???????? ????????. Archived from the original on 23 ???? 2013. Retrieved 30 July 2010. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)

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